Lesson 5 Input

#function enables you to do things repetition or infinite number of times.
print("""
Line 1
Line 2
Line 3
""")

#Create your own multiple lined message here:
print("""
HKIS..
Intro to Programming
... with Ms. Mok!
""")

#Now try putting this into a function to print off automatically when you need it without repetition
def i2p_intro():
    print("""
    HKIS..
    Intro to Programming
    ... with Ms. Mok!
    """)

print (i2p_intro())

##Functions - Functions must begin with a letter and not contain spaces - variables/functions must be set first
def f_sum(int1,int2):
    """This function will add two numbers"""
return int1 + int2
#main program
vTotal=f_sum(10,15)
print("The total is:", vTotal)

#returning values function
int1 = input("Please choose your first number")
int2 = input("Please choose your second number")
def f_print_largest (int1,int2):
    """This function will print the largest of two integers"""
if int1 < int2:
        print(int1, "is the largest")
    if int1 > int2:
        print(int2, "is the largest")
    if int1 == int2:
        print(int1,"and", int2, "are both equal")

#main program
f_print_largest(int1,int2)

def f_larger (int1,int2):
    """This function will return the largest of the two integers"""
if int1 >= int2:
        return int1
    else:
        return int2

#main program
x = input("Please input your first number")
y = input("Please input your second number")
z = input("Please input your third number")
print((f_larger(f_larger(x,y),z)), "is the larger one")

Lesson 5 Output

Chocolate Machine Input

print("The price of the chocolate bar is $16.90.")
vCash = input("How much are you going to pay?")
vChange = int(vCash) - 16.90
print("You are getting $",vChange, "back")

#vTen is the number of ten dollar bills you have to pay
vTen=int(vChange/ 10)
print("I am giving you back",vTen,"ten dollar bills.")

#vFive is the number of five dollar bills you have to pay
vFive=int((vChange-(vTen*10))/5)
print("I am giving you back",vFive,"five dollar bills")

#vOne is the number of one dollar bills you have to pay
vOne=int(vChange-(vTen*10)-(vFive*5)/1)
print("I am giving back",vOne,"one dollar bills")

#vCent is the number of cents you have to pay
vCent=int((vChange-(vTen*10)-(vFive*5)-vOne)*10)
print("I am giving back",vCent,"cents")

Chocolate Machine Output

Lesson 6 Input:

#Now write a new function that takes two numbers as parameters (inputs )
#and prints out the smallest of the two
int1 = input("Please choose your first number")
int2 = input("Please choose your second number")
def f_print_smallest (int1,int2):
    """This function will print the smallest of two integers"""
if int1 < int2:
        print(int1, "is the smallest")
    if int1 > int2:
        print(int2, "is the smallest")
    if int1 == int2:
        print(int1,"and", int2, "are both equal")

f_print_smallest(int1,int2)

#Now write a function that takes no parameters or returns no values but just prints out "Ms Mok Smells" 3 times
def print_function():
    print("Ms Mok smells"*3)

print_function()

#Now write a function that takes one number as a parameter and returns the number doubled plus one as the output
vnumber = int(input("Please choose a number"))
def f_print_equation(vnumber):
    print(int(2*vnumber+1),

Lesson 6 Mars Bars experiment:

#Function
def f_ask_yes_no(question):
    """Ask  Yes or No Question"""
vResponse = None
    while vResponse not in ("yes","no"):
        vResponse = input(question).lower()
    return vResponse
#Main Program
vQuestion = "Would you like a Mars Bar?"
vAnswer = f_ask_yes_no(vQuestion)

if vAnswer == "yes":
    print("Here is a Mars Bars, I hope you enjoy it")
if vAnswer == "no":
    print("No Mars Bar for you :(")

Lesson 6 Mars Bars Result:

Menu Options Input:

def f_menu_options():
    print("Here is the menu for today"
          "\n1. Appetizer"
          "\n2. Soup of the Day"
          "\n3. Main Course"
          "\n4. Rice or Noodles"
          "\n5. Dessert of the Day")
    vAppetizer = "Here is your appetizer"
vSoup = "Here is your soup of the day"
vMainCourse = "Here is your main course"
vrice = "Here is your choice of rice or noodles"
vdessert = "Here is your dessert of the day."
vChoice = input(print("Please press 1 for appetizer, 2 for soup, 3 for main course, 4 for rice or noodles, 5 for dessert, or 6 for exiting the code"))
    if vChoice == 1:
        print(vAppetizer)
    if vChoice == 2:
        print(vSoup)
    if vChoice == 3:
        print(vMainCourse)
    if vChoice == 4:
        print(vrice)
    if vChoice == 5:
        print(vdessert)
    else:
        print("Thanks for coming, come back soon!")

f_menu_options()

Menu Options Output:

In Python, functions enable you to reuse logic an infinite number of times without repeating yourself. In a way, functions are similar to variables and store information, but instead of just storing strings and values, functions can store loops, strings, equations, and values. Using functions can help you reuse the code easily without having to write out the entire code. Functions are written with the keyword def followed by the function name and parentheses, and then a colon, and these parentheses contain the parameters of the function. Once information is stored into the function, one can easily recall the function by using the function name. For example, in the lesson 5 input, I called the function by saying “f_print_largest (int1, int2)”.

In the Chocolate Machine Challenge, I used my knowledge of variables, simple math, and other functions to create a simple chocolate vending machine. With the given price of $16.9, I let the consumer input how much money they are going to pay, then using that value I find the change required to give, how much ten/five/one dollar bills and cents are required to pay back this change. The result/output is shown in the video.

For Lesson 6, we practiced using functions and defining variables, applying it to real world things like a menu. The menu project has not been finished yet, but that’s what we have done so far.

Lesson 4 – Code:

##IF ELSE
vScore = 75
#\n = new paragraph
if vScore >= 50:
    print("\nPASS")
else:
    print("\nFAIL")


##IF IN
vMonth = "September"
vLetter = "e"
if vLetter in vMonth:
    print("There is a letter, ", vLetter, ",in", vMonth)
else:
    print("There is NOT a letter", vLetter, "in", vMonth)

vLength = len(vMonth)
print("There are",vLength,"letters in",vMonth)

vChoice = input("Enter Number 1 to 3:")
print()

if vChoice =="1":
    print("Chosen Item 1")

elif vChoice == "2":
    print("Chosen Item 2")

elif vChoice == "3":
    print("Chosen Item 3")
#some unknown value has been entered
else:
    print("Sorry, but", vChoice, "isn't a valid Number,")

input("\n\nPress the enter key to exit")
#"if" is used for the first choice, and elif is used for the rest. For example, if you input 2 for vChoice, then it prints "Chosen Item 2"

Lesson 4 – Code Result: 

Vowel Score Calculator Code: 

#program that works out the score for a given word
#a = 5
#e = 4
#i = 3
#o = 2
#u = 1
vWord = input("Enter a word: ")

#Convert the word into lower case
vWord = vWord.lower()

#Set score to be 0
score = 0
#Create a loop so that
#letters are looked at one by one...
for letter in vWord:
    if letter =="a":
        score = score + 5
print (letter, "is worth 5")
    elif letter =="e":
        score = score + 4
print (letter, "is worth 4")
    elif letter =="i":
        score = score + 3
print (letter, "is worth 3")
    elif letter =="o":
        score = score + 2
print (letter, "is worth 2")
    elif letter =="u":
        score = score + 1
print (letter, "is worth 1")
    else:
        print(letter, "is worth 0")

#an else, in case the letter is not a vowel
#end of loop
#Print the score
print("Your total score is ", score)

Vowel Score Calculator End Product:

Guess the Word Game Code [so far]: 

import random
vChoices = ("red", "gold", "orange", "green", "aquamarine", "lavender", "fuchsia")
vWord = (random.choice(vChoices))
vName=input("Hi there. What's your name?")

vGuess = input("I have one of the following colours in mind:red, gold, orange, green, aquamarine, lavender, fuchsia . Can you guess which colour?")
vAnswer = len(vWord)
vGuessNumber = len(vGuess)
while vGuess != vWord:
   if vGuessNumber > vAnswer:
       print("This word has less letters than your guess")
       vGuess = input("Try again!")
   elif vGuessNumber < vAnswer:
       print("This word has more letters than your guess")
       vGuess = input("Try again!")
   elif vGuessNumber == vAnswer:
       print("You got it! Well done,", vName, "!")

Pseudo Code for Guess the Word Game:

*Each of the colours have a distinct number of characters

Choose a random word from the list given of the words below.

Set vWord as the variable for the chosen random word.

Set vName as input for “Hi there. What’s your name?”

Set vChoices is equal to the list of words that the computer is going to choose from

Set vGuess as the input for the question “I have one of the following colours in mind: red, gold, orange, green, aquamarine, lavender, fuchsia. Can you guess which colour?”

Set vAnswer as the length of vWord

Set vGuessNumber as length of vGuess

(Create a while loop that encompasses three “if” statements)

While vGuess is not equal to vAnswer:

If vGuessNumber is greater than vAnswer,

Then print “This word has less letters than your guess”

Set vGuess as input for “Try again!”

If vGuessNumber is less than vAnswer,

Then print “This word has more letters than your guess”

Set vGuess as input for “Try again!”

If vGuessNumber is equal to vAnswer,

Then print “You got it! Well done,” vName, “!”

Guess the Word Game Result [so far]: 

In this lesson, we learned about the “If… else” functions and also how the “elif” function plays a part in this. The “if… else” function is used when the condition can either be true or false. If the condition is true, then it follows the ‘if’ statements, and if the condition is false, then the computer follows the “else” statements. For example, in the Vowel Score Calculator Code, the computer reads the “for..in” loop as if there is the letter “a” in the given word, then add five points to the score and say “[letter] is worth 5 points”. If not, or else, then print “[letter] is worth 0 points]. The “elif” function simply has the same purpose as the “if” function, it’s just used to replace “if” functions after the first “if statement”. In the Vowel Score Calculator Code example, after the first “if” statement with the vowel a, we would use ‘elif’ statements to continue with the rest of the vowels. The flow chart for an ‘if… else’ function would look like this:

A common question arises in the midst of coding: What is the difference, then, between ‘while’ loops and ‘for… in…’ loops? The answer is that they are very different. ‘while’ loops repeatedly execute the given functions as long as the condition is true, because if the condition is false then the code skips over the while loop and continues with the code. In the Guess the Word Game Code, the while loop is used whenever the length of the answer is not equal to the length of the length of the guess. If it is not equal, meaning if the condition is true for this while loop, then the computer will proceed to the following if functions. If the condition is false and the lengths are equal, then the computer will skip over the loop and say good job, or in this case end the code. While loops look like this:

On the other hand, for loops have the ability to go over the items of any sequence, such as a list or a string. If the given sequence contains something that is wanted, then the computer continues with the execution statement. If the given sequence does not contain something it wants, then the computer skips over the if loop and continues with the rest of the code. In the example the Vowel Score Calculator Code, the computer reads that for every vowel in the word, the computer must proceed and follow the if statements. In this case, for the consonants, the computer would proceed to the else statement. The for loop looks like this: